GB 312411 – 20xx – part 1: Safety of lithium ion cells and batteries used in electronic and electrical equipment
by
BlidFive
As posted on the wto notification group here , China is releasing a series of standards addressing the safety of li ion batteries depending on the application. 5 parts are planned so far:
- Part 1: General Requirements (this post)
- Part 2: Portable Electronic Products: although not yet published but it looks like it will be replacing the existing GB 31241-2022 which is covering IT/Audio video equipment. It has already the same title: [Lithium ion cells and batteries used in portable electronic equipment]. CCC certification is also required for the batteries within the scope of GB 31241-2022.
- Part 3: Power Tools Details
- Part 4: Toys:Details
- Part 5: Portable Household Appliances: Details
According to the WTO notification:
- Proposed entry into force: 12 months after approval
- Comment deadline: May 15
- Likely enforcement window: 2027–2028
- Risk level: high (don’t assume delays)
- 3.3 User-replaceable battery: A lithium-ion battery pack used in equipment that can be directly replaced by the user.
- 3.4 Non-user-replaceable cell/battery: A lithium-ion cell or battery pack built into equipment and not intended for direct user replacement.
The standard is basically combining UN 38.3 transportation with IEC 62133-2 tests which can be classified in the following categories:
- Environmental Safety Tests:
- Low pressure (altitude simulation)
- Temperature cycling between −20 °C and +75 °C
- vibration
- Shock or Acceleration impact
- Drop test (from 1.5 m for replaceable batteries)
- Stress relief
- Flammability: this one is interesting: min V1 is now required for outer housing (same as UL deviation over IEC 62133-2). Wiring insulation should be also flame resistant and comply with annex E.
- Electrical Safety tests:
- Overvoltage charging
- Overcurrent charging
- Undervoltage discharge
- Overcurrent discharge
- External short circuit
- Reverse charging
- Over temperature protection: both high and low temperature protection
- Protection Circuit Safety tests:
- Overvoltage charging protection
- Overcurrent charging protection
- Undervoltage discharge protection
- Overcurrent discharge protection
- Short circuit protection
- Consistency Requirements: (not sure if the translation is correct!!): consistency between cells shall be ensured to maintain safety by testing imbalanced cells situations
label information should be in Chinese
Testing and certification:by looking at all these tests, and by the time the standard become mandatory, I think it will be wise and cost saving to approach certification agencies for a complete package that includes CB (IEC 62133-2 + Amd 1) + NRTL (UL 62133-2 listing, if needed) + UN transportation + GB 312411-x (if needed). Test once and get the different reports and certificates with this one test campaign.
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